PREEMERGENCE HERBICIDE APPLICATIONS IN GRAPES
Kristen Obeid MSc, OMAFRA Weed Management Program Lead – Horticulture
New Plantings
Herbicide |
Herbicide Group |
Rate (kg/ha) |
Timing |
Tank Mix Information |
Frontier Max (dimethenamid) |
15 |
0.963 L/ha |
PRE – Do NOT apply during bud swell, bud break or first flush of new growth. |
Established Plantings
Herbicide |
Herbicide Group |
Rate |
Timing |
Tank Mix Information |
Alion (indaziflam) |
29 |
0.375 L/ha |
PRE – Do NOT apply prior to any soil disturbance. |
May be tank mixed with glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium |
Casoron (dichlobenil) |
20 |
110-225 kg/ha |
PRE – moist, unfrozen ground in fall or spring |
|
Chateau (flumioxazin) |
14 |
0.28–0.42 kg/ha |
PRE – 2 applications, 30 days apart. Do NOT apply after budbreak |
May be tank mixed with glyphosate |
Frontier Max (dimethenamid) |
15 |
0.963 L/ha |
PRE – Do NOT apply during bud swell, bud break or first flush of new growth. |
|
Karmex (diuron) |
7 |
2.25-6.7 kg/ha |
PRE – spring and / or fall. Applications must be 90 days apart. Do NOT exceed the maximum rate per year or injury could result. |
|
Princep Nine-T (simazine) |
5 |
4–5 kg/ha |
PRE – apply after hills are removed but before weed emergence. |
May be tank mixed with glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium |
NOTE: Alion can only be applied to established plantings > 5 years; Casoron and Chateau can only be applied to established plantings > 2 years; Karmex and Princep Nine-T can only be applied to established plantings > 3years.
Tank Mixes
Tank mixes with burn down herbicides (glyphosate, glufosinate ammonium and paraquat) if emerged weeds are present are needed for Alion and Chateau because neither of these herbicides have activity on germinated weeds. Consider tank mixes with other PRE herbicides to both broaden the weed spectrum and manage the selection of herbicide resistant weeds.
Table 1. Selectivity of Weeds to Preemergence Herbicides Registered on Grapes in Ontario
|
C = Control
P = Partial control
N = No control
= No information |
diuron (Karmex) | dichlobenil (Casoron) | dimethenamide (Frontier Max) | flumioxazin (Chateau) | indaziflam (Alion) | napropamide (Devrinol) | simazine (Princep Nine-T) |
| Annual Broadleaves | |||||||
| Canada fleabane | P | N | N | C | N | P | |
| Chickweed | P | C | N | C | C | C | C |
| Clovers | P | N | N | N | P | C | |
| Cocklebur | C | N | N | N | P | C | |
| Goosefoot | C | N | N | C | C | C | |
| Groundsel, common | N | C | N | C | C | P | P |
| Hairy fleabane | P | N | N | C | N | P | |
| Henbit | C | N | N | C | P | C | |
| Lamb’s-quarters | C | C | N | C | C | C | C |
| Lady’s-thumb | C | P | P | P | C | P | C |
| Mustard | C | C | N | C | C | P | C |
| Nightshade | C | N | C | C | N | C | |
| Pigweed | C | C | C | C | P | C | C |
| Prickly lettuce | C | N | N | P | P | C | C |
| Purslane | C | C | N | C | C | C | |
| Shepherd’s-purse | C | C | N | C | C | P | C |
| Sowthistle | C | C | N | P | C | C | |
| Spotted spurge | N | C | N | C | C | C | P |
| Annual Grasses | |||||||
| Annual bluegrass | C | P | N | C | N | C | C |
| Barnyard grass | C | P | C | C | C | C | P |
| Crabgrass, large | P | C | C | C | C | C | N |
| Fescues | C | P | N | P | N | C | P |
| Foxtails | P | C | C | C | C | C | C |
| Perennials (seedling) | |||||||
| Field bindweed | P | P | N | N | C | N | P |
| Perennials (established) | |||||||
| Canada thistle | P | P | N | N | |||
| Dandelion | N | P | N | C | |||
| Field bindweed | N | P | N | N | P | N | N |
| Nutsedge, yellow | P | P | P | N | N | N | |
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